Change in condom use self-efficacy

15-item scale assessing youth's confidence in their ability to correctly use and acquire condoms.

Youth will complete this measure at baseline (pre-randomization) and at 3, 6, 9, and 12-months post randomization. The primary outcome will be the 6-month post-randomization assessment, adjusted for baseline values.

Change in condom access

Youth report (yes/no) whether they have a condom that they could access in one of five different locations (e.g., their bedroom, somewhere else in their home, their locker at school). Having a condom available in any of this locations will count as "access."

Youth will complete this measure at baseline (pre-randomization) and at 3, 6, 9, and 12-months post randomization. The primary outcome will be the 6-month post-randomization assessment, adjusted for baseline values.

Change in condom use intentions

Youth will complete two items assessing their intentions to use condoms for insertive and receptive anal intercourse over the next several months.

Youth will complete this measure at baseline (pre-randomization) and at 3, 6, 9, and 12-months post randomization. The primary outcome will be the 6-month post-randomization assessment, adjusted for baseline values.

Change in PrEP attitudes and beliefs

Youth will complete 10-items newly created for this study, assessing their attitudes and beliefs about PrEP (e.g., whether PrEP is safe, whether it is effective, whether their parents would support them taking PrEP). Prior to analyses, psychometric tests will be conducted on this new measure to determine whether the scale assesses a single construct, or multiple domains.

Youth will complete this measure at baseline (pre-randomization) and at 3, 6, 9, and 12-months post randomization. The primary outcome will be the 6-month post-randomization assessment, adjusted for baseline values.

Frequency of condomless anal intercourse (CAS) without protection by PrEP

Youth will self-report how frequently they have engaged in condomless anal intercourse over the past 3 months. They will also report whether they were using PrEP during that time. The frequency of anal intercourse not protected by a condom or by PrEP will be calculated.

Youth will complete this measure at baseline (pre-randomization) and at 3, 6, 9, and 12-months post randomization. The primary outcome will be the total frequency of CAS reported across both the 3- and 6-month assessments.

Youth self-report of being "current" on HIV testing

Youth will report whether they have received an HIV test and when the most recent test occurred. Sexually active youth will be considered "current" on their HIV testing if they have received an HIV test at any point in the previous year. Youth who are not yet sexually active will be considered "current" if they have received one HIV test at any point in their lives.

Youth will complete this measure at baseline (pre-randomization) and at 3, 6, 9, and 12-months post randomization. The primary outcome will whether youth are "current" on HIV testing at the 6-month assessment.

Demonstrated behavioral skill for using condoms correctly

We will utilize the condoms skills assessment activity as a means for verifying their self-reported self-efficacy for using condoms. While completing their 3-month and 9-month online assessments, AMSM will use an online scheduling system to sign up for a 30-minute appointment to do a condom skill assessment, which will be conducted via Zoom. Once scheduled, participants will be mailed an assessment kit that contains a travel shampoo bottle (phallically shaped) and condoms. Participants will be instructed to demonstrate the correct way to apply a condom to the shampoo bottle, beginning with opening the condom, and ending with removing and disposing of the condom. Following the session, recordings will be coded by two separate team members to determine the number of steps performed correctly (discrepancies will be resolved via discussion).

Youth will complete this activity twice: (1) between the 3 and 6-month assessment, and (2) between the 9 and 12-month assessment. The activity conducted between 3 and 6-month assessments will be the primary outcome for this measure.

Photo of condom in youth's possession

While completing the 3, 6, 9, and 12-month online assessments, youth who self-report that they have condoms in their possession will be asked to take a photo of the condom in their hand and upload it to the survey system. Photos will viewed by members of the research team to confirm that a condom was photographed as requested. The proportion of youth who are able to upload photos across each condition will be used as a means for verifying the primary outcome of youth self-report of having access to condoms.

Photo uploads at the 6-month assessment will be compared across the study arms

Parent-report of whether son is "current" on his HIV testing

Parents will report whether their son has, to their knowledge, received an HIV test and when that test occurred. This will be used as a reliability check for youth's self-reports of their HIV testing. Sexually active youth will be considered "current" on their HIV testing if they have received an HIV test at any point in the previous year. Youth who are not yet sexually active will be considered "current" if they have received one HIV test at any point in their lives.

Parents will complete this measure at baseline (pre-randomization) and at 3, 6, 9, and 12-months post randomization. The primary outcome will be whether youth are "current" at the 6-month assessment.

Change in competency for sexual health

17-item scale assessing multiple dimensions of youth's comfort engaging in activities that support sexual health (e.g., telling a sex partner you want to stop after you have started having sex; teaching a sex partner what feels good to you sexually).

Youth will complete this measure at baseline (pre-randomization) and at 3, 6, 9, and 12-months post randomization. The primary outcome will be the 6-month post-randomization assessment, adjusted for baseline values.