Caregiver-reported child emotional and behavioral functioning (Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17, PSC-17)

Emotional and behavioral functioning of children aged 7-10 years will be assessed using the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17), a 17-item caregiver-report screening tool for psychosocial problems (total score range 0-34; higher scores indicate greater difficulties). Each child's PSC-17 will be completed independently by both primary caregivers. The primary outcome metric is the mean (average) of the two caregiver-reported PSC-17 total scores for each child at 12 months post-intervention. PSC-17 subscales (internalizing, externalizing, attention) will be examined in secondary/exploratory analyses.

Baseline, 3 months post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention

Self-reported child emotional and behavioral functioning (Youth-adapted Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17, Y-PSC-17)

Mental health problems in children will be assessed using a youth self-report version of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17), adapted for child administration with newly developed pictorial response aids. The measure includes 17 items rated on a 3-point scale (Never, Sometimes, Often; scored 0-2) and summed to a total score (0-34), with higher scores indicating greater emotional/behavioral difficulties. Subscale scores for internalizing, externalizing, and attention problems will also be derived and examined separately.

Baseline and 12-months post-intervention

Child health-related quality of life (KINDL-R)

Children's health-related quality of life will be assessed using the revised KINDL questionnaire (KINDL-R), which measures well-being across six domains: physical, emotional, self-esteem, family, friends, and school. Both the 24-item child self-report (Kid-KINDL-R) and parent proxy versions will be used. Items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale, with higher scores indicating better quality of life.

Baseline, 3 months post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention

Psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, K6)

General psychological distress among caregivers will be assessed using the 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). Items capture symptoms of anxiety and depression experienced during the past month. Each item is scored from 0 ("none of the time") to 4 ("all of the time"), with higher scores reflecting greater distress.

Baseline, 3 months post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention

Depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9)

Caregiver depression symptoms will be measured using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Items assess frequency of depressive symptoms during the past two weeks on a 4-point scale (0-3), with higher scores indicating greater severity of depression.

Baseline, 3 months post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention

Anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale, GAD-7)

Symptoms of generalized anxiety among caregivers will be assessed using the GAD-7. The 7 items rate frequency of core anxiety symptoms over the past two weeks on a scale from 0 ("not at all") to 3 ("nearly every day"). Higher scores indicate greater anxiety severity.

Baseline, 3 months post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention

Post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version, PCL-C)

Caregiver post-traumatic stress symptoms will be assessed with the 6-item PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). Each symptom is rated on a 5-point scale from "not at all" to "extremely," with total scores ranging from 6 to 30. Higher scores indicate greater PTSD symptom severity.

Baseline, 3 months post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention

Subjective wellbeing (WHO-5 Well-Being Index)

The WHO-5 Well-Being Index will assess caregivers' subjective wellbeing. It consists of five items rated from 0 ("at no time") to 5 ("all of the time") reflecting mood, vitality, and general interest. The total score (0-25) is multiplied by 4 to yield a final index ranging from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate better wellbeing.

Baseline, 3 months post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention

Functional impairment (WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, WHODAS-II)

Functional impairment among caregivers will be measured using the 15-item WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS-II). Items assess difficulties in understanding, mobility, self-care, interpersonal relationships, daily activities, and participation, scored from 0 ("none") to 4 ("extreme or cannot do"). Higher scores indicate greater functional impairment.

Baseline and 12 months post-intervention

Psychological flexibility (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II, AAQ-II)

Psychological flexibility will be measured using the 7-item Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II). Items are rated on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = "never true," 7 = "always true"), and scores are reversed so that higher totals indicate greater psychological flexibility.

Baseline, 3 months post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention

Positive parenting (Alabama Parenting Questionnaire - Positive Parenting Subscale)

Positive parenting practices will be measured using the 6-item Positive Parenting Subscale of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ). Items assess the frequency of positive interactions between parents and children on a 5-point scale from "never" to "always," with higher scores indicating greater use of positive parenting behaviors.

Baseline, 3 months post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention

Child-reported maltreatment (Child-Reported CTSPC)

Child-reported maltreatment will be assessed with a pictorial adaptation of the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale (CTSPC). The instrument includes 22 items rated on a 7-point frequency scale for the past month; higher scores indicate more frequent maltreatment experiences.

Baseline and 12 months post-intervention

Child discipline/maltreatment (caregiver report): UNICEF MICS Child Discipline Module

Caregiver-reported child discipline will be assessed using the UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) Child Discipline Module, which includes 11 yes/no items capturing both non-violent and violent discipline practices in the past month. Summary indices are derived from the item responses; higher values indicate more frequent use of harsh/violent discipline practices.

Baseline, 3 months post-intervention, and 12 months post-intervention