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Impact of Prebiotic Sodas on Satiety and Metabolic Responses in Healthy Men 10 Dietary

Recruiting
Clinical Trial NCT07105826 is an interventional study for Olipop, Poppi, Coca Cola - Classic, Diet Coke that is recruiting. It started on August 4, 2025 with plans to enroll 10 participants. Led by Texas Christian University, it is expected to complete by December 10, 2025. The latest data from ClinicalTrials.gov was last updated on August 11, 2025.
Brief Summary
The study aims to study healthy men aged 18-40 to explore how different beverages affect hunger, blood sugar, insulin, and a hormone called GLP-1, which helps regulate appetite and blood sugar. The tested beverages include two prebiotic sodas (Olipop and Poppi), Diet Coke, and Coca-Cola Classic.

What's the study about? It aims to understand how these drinks influence how full participants feel and how the body handl...

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Detailed Description
Study Overview This research study, conducted by the Texas Christian University (TCU) Department of Nutritional Sciences and Kinesiology, aims to investigate the effects of carbonated prebiotic beverages (Olipop and Poppi) compared to caloric (Coca-Cola Original) and non-caloric (Diet Coke) beverages on satiety, blood glucose, insulin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) responses in healthy male participants aged 18...Show More
Official Title

Effect of Carbonated Prebiotic Beverages Versus Caloric and Non-caloric Beverages on Satiety, Glucose, Insulin, and GLP-1 Response in Healthy Male Participants

Conditions
OlipopPoppiCoca Cola - ClassicDiet Coke
Publications
Scientific articles and research papers published about this clinical trial:
Other Study IDs
  • TCU Prebiotic Sodas Study
NCT ID Number
NCT07105826
Start Date (Actual)
2025-08-04
Last Update Posted
2025-08-11
Completion Date (Estimated)
2025-12-10
Enrollment (Estimated)
10
Study Type
Interventional
PHASE
N/A
Status
Recruiting
Keywords
Olipop
Poppi
Diet Coke
Coca Cola
GLP-1
Insulin
soda
Primary Purpose
Prevention
Design Allocation
Randomized
Interventional Model
Crossover Assignment
Masking
Single
Arms / Interventions
Participant Group/ArmIntervention/Treatment
ExperimentalPrebiotic Soda 1
Olipop is a low-calorie, carbonated prebiotic beverage (\~20-35 kcal per 355 mL serving).
Prebiotic Soda 1
A single dose of 12 ounces of Olipop will be provided to the 10 participants while fasted. Blood samples will be collected at baseline (before the drink) and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after the drink.
ExperimentalPrebiotic Soda 2
Poppi is a low-calorie, carbonated prebiotic beverage (\~20-35 kcal per 355 mL serving).
Prebiotic Soda 2
A single dose of 12 ounces of Poppi will be provided to the 10 participants while fasted. Blood samples will be collected at baseline (before the drink) and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after the drink.
ExperimentalDiet Coke
Diet Coke is a non-caloric, carbonated beverage sweetened with artificial sweeteners. It contains zero calories and zero sugar
Diet Soda
A single dose of 12 ounces of Diet Coke will be provided to the 10 participants while fasted. Blood samples will be collected at baseline (before the drink) and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after the drink.
ExperimentalCoca Cola
Coca Cola is a caloric carbonated beverage containing high fructose corn syrup as its primary sweetener. It is considered to be a high-caloric drink (140 kcal per 355 mL serving) with 39 g of sugar.
Regular Coke
A single dose of 12 ounces of Regular Coke will be provided to the 10 participants while fasted. Blood samples will be collected at baseline (before the drink) and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after the drink.
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome MeasureMeasure DescriptionTime Frame
Glucose
The AUC of plasma glucose concentrations will be compared between the four conditions.
At baseline and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes
Satiety
Subjective feelings of hunger and fullness following beverage consumption will be measured using a self-created 10-point Likert-type scale in which higher numbers will mean higher satiety/fullness. Minimum score, equal to zero, means extremely hungry, whereas maximum score, equal to 10, means extremely stuffed.
At baseline and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes
Insulin
The AUC of plasma insulin concentrations will be compared between the 4 conditions.
At baseline and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes
GLP-1
The AUC of GLP-1 will be compared between the 4 conditions.
At baseline and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome MeasureMeasure DescriptionTime Frame
Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Participants will fill out our self-created GI Symptoms Questionnaire to report the severity of any of the following GI symptoms: bloating, gas, stomach pain, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, urgency to use the restroom, and any other symptoms. Severity will be measured on a scale of 0 to 10, where 0 means none and 10 means severe/unbearable. If any symptoms are present, they will then be asked to report their timing with regards to drink consumption (N/A, \<15 min, 15-30 min, 30-60 min, 60-120 min, and \>120 min). Participants will also be asked to write down the length of this symptomatology (N/A, \<30 min, 30-60 min, 1-3 h, \>3h, and symptoms still ongoing). A comparison between the 4 conditions will be performed.
24h after each the visit
Beverage Palatability
Participants will fill out a self-created Beverage Rating Questionnaire in which they will grade the drink's taste, sweetness, aftertaste, texture, and carbonation of the drink by using a Likert-scale 0-10 in which 0 means "Completely absent or extreme in an unpleasant way" and 10 means "Outstanding, ideal, enhances the experience". Participants will also be asked to report their overall beverage satisfaction by using from 5 options going from 0= None at all to 5= A great deal. Lastly, participants will be asked to compare the consumed drink (blinded) to other drinks he has drunk in the past and report if the current drink was not better or worse (NA), much worse, womewhat worse, about the same, somewhat better, or much better compared to Olipop, Poppi, Diet Coke, and Coca Cola. Comparison between the four conditions will be performed.
After beverage consumption
Participation Assistant
Eligibility Criteria

Eligible Ages
Adult
Minimum Age
18 Years
Eligible Sexes
Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Yes
  • Gender: Male
  • Age: 18-40 years
  • Health Status: Healthy, with no significant medical conditions
  • Body Mass Index (BMI): 18.5-24.9 kg/m²

  • Diabetes: Diagnosed diabetes (Type 1 or Type 2)
  • Gastrointestinal Disorders: Any diagnosed gastrointestinal conditions (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease)
  • Liver Disease: Any diagnosed liver conditions
  • Kidney Disease: Any diagnosed kidney conditions
  • Cardiovascular Disease: Any diagnosed cardiovascular conditions
  • Hypertension: Diagnosed high blood pressure
  • Recent Illness or Infection: Any illness or infection within the past 30 days that could affect study outcomes
  • Tobacco or Nicotine Use: Current use of tobacco or nicotine products (e.g., smoking, vaping)
  • Phenylketonuria (PKU): A genetic disorder affecting phenylalanine metabolism, due to the presence of aspartame in Diet Coke
  • Medication Use: Use of medications or supplements that affect glucose metabolism, insulin response, or appetite
  • Intermittent Fasting: Engagement in intermittent fasting or inconsistent time-restricted feeding patterns
  • Other Health Conditions: Any other health conditions that, in the opinion of the investigators, could interfere with study participation or outcomes
Texas Christian University logoTexas Christian University
Study Responsible Party
Elisa Marroquin, Principal Investigator, Assistant Professor, Texas Christian University
Study Central Contact
Contact: Elisa Marroquin, Ph.D., 469-491-6443, [email protected]
Contact: Ryan Porter, Ph.D., (817) 257-6868, [email protected]
1 Study Locations in 1 Countries

Texas

Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, 76180, United States
Elisa Marroquin, PhD, Contact, 469-491-6443, [email protected]
Ryan Porter, PhD, Contact, 817-257-6868, [email protected]
Recruiting